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Compare Baker Island (2003) - Burundi (2002)
Compare Baker Island (2003) z Burundi (2002)
| Baker Island (2003) | Burundi (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: 46.5% (male 1,497,865; female 1,466,455)
15-64 years: 50.7% (male 1,592,253; female 1,640,254) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 71,915; female 104,260) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides |
| Airports | 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2002) | 7 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 6 6
914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002) |
| Area | total: 1.4 sq km
land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 27,830 sq km
land: 25,650 sq km water: 2,180 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Maryland |
| Background | The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. | Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only four months in office. Since then, some 200,000 Burundians have perished in widespread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced or have become refugees in neighboring countries. Burundian troops, seeking to secure their borders, intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998. More recently, many of these troops have been redeployed back to Burundi to deal with periodic upsurges in rebel activity. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, was to be the first step towards holding national elections in three years. However, the unwillingness of the Hutu rebels to enact a cease fire with Bujumbura continues to obstruct prospects for a sustainable peace. |
| Birth rate | - | 39.87 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues: $125 million
expenditures: $176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Capital | - | Bujumbura |
| Climate | equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun | equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January |
| Coastline | 4.8 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | - | 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Baker Island |
conventional long form: Republic of Burundi
conventional short form: Burundi local long form: Republika y'u Burundi local short form: Burundi former: Urundi |
| Currency | - | Burundi franc (BIF) |
| Death rate | - | 16.3 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $1.12 billion (2001 est.) |
| Dependency status | unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | chief of mission: Ambassador James Howard YELLIN
embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura telephone: [257] 223454 FAX: [257] 222926 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas NDIKUMANA
chancery: Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574 FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578 |
| Disputes - international | none | Tutsi, Hutu, and other conflicting ethnic groups, political rebels, and various government forces continue fighting in Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $74 million (1999) |
| Economy - overview | no economic activity | Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore rests largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. Since October 1993 the nation has suffered from massive ethnic-based violence which has resulted in the death of more than 200,000 persons and the displacement of about 800,000 others. Only one in four children go to school, and more than one in ten adults has HIV/AIDS. Foods, medicines, and electricity remain in short supply. Doubts regarding the sustainability of peace continue to impede development. A Geneva donors' conference in November 2001 brought $800 million in pledges, and an IMF-staff-monitored program could lead to a further agreement in 2002. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 166.64 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 29 million kWh
note: supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2000) |
| Electricity - production | - | 148 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: 1%
hydro: 99% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 8 m |
lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m
highest point: Mount Heha 2,670 m |
| Environment - current issues | no natural fresh water resources | soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban |
| Ethnic groups | - | Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000 |
| Exchange rates | - | Burundi francs per US dollar - 865.14 (January 2002), 830.35 (2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 477.77 (1998), 352.35 (1997) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state: President Pierre BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as president of a transition government on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled to hold office for 18 months before transferring power to his vice president, a Hutu); Vice President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November 2001)
head of government: President Pierre BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as president of a transition government on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled to hold office for 18 months before transferring power to his vice president, a Hutu); Vice President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power following a coup on 25 July 1996 in which former President NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown |
| Exports | - | $24 million f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | - | coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides |
| Exports - partners | - | EU 52.5%, US 11.5%, Kenya 11.5%, Switzerland 4.9% (2000 est.) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of the US is used | divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below) |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $3.7 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: 50%
industry: 18% services: 32% (2001 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $600 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 1.4% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 0 13 N, 176 31 W | 3 30 S, 30 00 E |
| Geography - note | treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife | landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile |
| Highways | - | total: 14,480 km
paved: 1,028 km unpaved: 13,452 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 27% (1992) (1992) |
| Imports | - | $125 million f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | - | capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | - | EU 37.6%, Tanzania 10.3%, Zambia 4.3%, India 3.4%, China 3.4% (2000 est.) |
| Independence | - | 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | 6.3% (1999 est.) |
| Industries | - | light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 69.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 14% (2001 est.) |
| International organization participation | - | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 740 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals) |
| Labor force | - | 1.9 million |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 974 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 29.98%
permanent crops: 12.85% other: 57.17% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | - | Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) |
| Legal system | the laws of the US, where applicable, apply | based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | - | bicameral, consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (expanded from 121 to approximately 140 seats under the transitional government inaugurated 1 November 2001; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a Senate (54 seats; term length is undefined, the current senators will likely serve out the three-year transition period)
elections: last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but were suspended by presidential decree in 1996; elections are planned to follow the completion of the three-year transitional government) election results: percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, civilians 27, other parties 13 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 45.94 years
male: 45.08 years female: 46.83 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 35.3% male: 49.3% female: 22.5% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia | Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Map references | Oceania | Africa |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard | - |
| Military branches | - | Army (including naval and air units), Gendarmerie |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $36.9 million (FY01) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 5.3% (FY01) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 1,439,032 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 752,584 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 16 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 79,360 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | - | Independence Day, 1 July (1962) |
| Nationality | - | noun: Burundian(s)
adjective: Burundi |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | flooding, landslides, drought |
| Natural resources | guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife | nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | the two national, mainstream, governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Luc RUKINGAMA, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]
note: a multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or RADDES [Joseph NZENZIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | Loosely organized Hutu and Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Hutu and Tutsi extremist parties or subordinate to government security forces |
| Population | uninhabited
note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2003 est.) |
6,373,002
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | 70% (2001 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 2.36% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast | Bujumbura |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001) |
| Radios | - | 440,000 (2001) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | - | Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | NA years of age; universal adult |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment: primitive system
domestic: sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 20,000 (2000) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 16,300 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 1 (2001) |
| Terrain | low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef | hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains |
| Total fertility rate | - | 6.07 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Transportation - note | there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast | - |
| Unemployment rate | - | NA% |
| Waterways | none | Lake Tanganyika |
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